[169][170], In the south of the city, the Whitworth Art Gallery displays modern art, sculpture and textiles and was voted Museum of the Year in 2015. [188][189], West Yorkshire has particularly benefited from a great deal of production activity. [69] The city's economy benefits mainly from significant economic projects such as the Canterbury Enterprise Hub, Lakesview International Business Park and the Whitefriars retail development. London is a major international air transport hub with the busiest city airspace in the world. The ceremonial county comprises the shire districts of Adur, Arun, Chichester, Horsham, and Mid Sussex, and the boroughs of Crawley and Worthing.Covering an area of 1,991 square kilometres (769 sq mi), West Sussex borders Hampshire to the west, Surrey to the north, and East Sussex to the east. In more recent years, temperatures have occasionally reached over 30C. [370], London has a modern tram network, known as Tramlink, centred on Croydon in South London. There are various buildings built for local authorities: Religious architecture includes extant cathedrals as well as the ruins of monasteries and abbeys. Before the advent of rail transport, the seaports of Hull and Whitby played an important role in transporting goods. During the 2003 European heat wave prolonged heat led to hundreds of heat-related deaths. The average amount of time people spend on public transport in Yorkshire on a weekday is 77 minutes. [65] Today, the three primary sectors are tourism, higher education and retail. [54], During the Second World War, Yorkshire became an important base for RAF Bomber Command and brought the county into the cutting edge of the war. Among Yorkshire's traditions is the Long Sword dance. Canterbury West is served by High Speed 1 trains to London St Pancras , slower stopping services to London Charing Cross and London Victoria as well as by trains to Ramsgate and Margate . [72], In 1637, the government of Charles I attempted to reform administration in the London area. [67] They include the A62 via Oldham and Standedge,[68] the A57, Snake Pass, towards Sheffield,[69] and the Pennine section of the M62. [417] Since 1825, the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures have presented scientific subjects to a general audience, and speakers have included aerospace engineer Frank Whittle, naturalist David Attenborough and evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins. Places within London's vast urban area are identified using district names, such as Mayfair, Southwark, Wembley, and Whitechapel. AB 2700 by Assemblymember Kevin McCarty (D-Sacramento) Transportation electrification: electrical distribution grid upgrades. [16] Their capital was at Petuaria, close to the Humber Estuary. [153] There are several dishes which originated in Yorkshire or are heavily associated with it. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. [18][19], In the Domesday Book of 1086, Manchester is recorded as within the hundred of Salford and held as tenant in chief by a Norman named Roger of Poitou,[20] later being held by the family of Grelley, lord of the manor and residents of Manchester Castle until 1215 before a Manor House was built. Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London is affiliated to London's historic Sephardic Jewish community. Situated on the River Avon, it is bordered by the ceremonial counties of Gloucestershire to the north and Somerset to the south. Manchester is a centre for musical education: the Royal Northern College of Music and Chetham's School of Music. [216] The density of London varies, with high employment density in the central area and Canary Wharf, high residential densities in inner London, and lower densities in Outer London. Charles Worsley, who sat for the city for only a year, was later appointed Major General for Lancashire, Cheshire and Staffordshire during the Rule of the Major Generals. [369], London's coach hub is Victoria Coach Station, an Art Deco building opened in 1932. London is a major retail centre and in 2010 had the highest non-food retail sales of any city in the world, with a total spend of around 64.2billion. The station opened in 1889 and closed, along with the rest of the railway, in 1947.[120]. [103] A regular music and dance venue is the Westgate Hall. Latest breaking news, including politics, crime and celebrity. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transport is 7km, while 10% travel for over 12km in a single direction. Four in ten likely voters are [4][7] Yorkshire includes the North York Moors and Yorkshire Dales National Parks, and part of the Peak District National Park. Notable companies in the area are Jaeger (Ilkley), Magnet Kitchens (Keighley), Timothy Taylor Brewery (Keighley), Bradford and Bingley (Bingley). [328], The lines that formed the London Underground, as well as trams and buses, became part of an integrated transport system in 1933 when the London Passenger Transport Board or London Transport was created. In the post-war period, it was a direct grant grammar school (i.e. [249], The median age of London in 2018 was 36.5, which was younger than the UK median of 40.3. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; [255] Some of the German-born population were likely to be British nationals born to parents serving in the British Armed Forces in Germany. [360], Some international railway services to Continental Europe were operated during the 20th century as boat trains, such as the Admiraal de Ruijter to Amsterdam and the Night Ferry to Paris and Brussels. It was cancelled in 2015 and is yet to return. Built by the cycling clubs of Rotorua, New Zealand [169] Yorkshire folk song was distinguished by the use of dialect, particularly in the West Riding and exemplified by the song 'On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at', probably written in the late 19th century, using a Kent folk tune (almost certainly borrowed via a Methodist hymnal),[citation needed] seen as an unofficial Yorkshire anthem. The economics books Marx was reading at the time can be seen in the library, as can the window seat where Marx and Engels would meet. The Canterbury Choral Society gives regular concerts in Canterbury Cathedral, specialising in the large-scale choral works of the classical repertory. The Danes conquered and assumed what is now York and renamed it Jrvk, making it the capital city of a new Danish kingdom under the same name. [6] The Romans rebuilt the city, with new streets in a grid pattern, a theatre, a temple, a forum, and public baths. The University of Kent's main campus is situated over 600 acres (243ha) on St. Stephen's Hill, a mile north of Canterbury city centre. [107] On the other hand, Greater Manchester is home to more multi-millionaires than anywhere outside London, with the City of Manchester taking up most of the tally. [15] A stabilised fragment of foundations of the final version of the Roman fort is visible in Castlefield. Norse monarchy controlled varying amounts of Northumbria from 875 to 954, however the area was invaded and conquered for short periods by England between 927 and 954 before eventually being annexed into England in 954. [410] In addition, there are three international universities in London Regent's University London, Richmond, The American International University in London and Schiller International University. Certain functions, such as waste management, are provided through joint arrangements. [225][226], The sport of Knurr and Spell was unique to the region, being one of the most popular sports in the area during the 18th and 19th centuries, before a decline in the 20th century to virtual obscurity. [73], In the English Civil War the majority of Londoners supported the Parliamentary cause. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. [23] The first Trades Union Congress was held in Manchester (at the Mechanics' Institute, David Street), from 2 to 6 June 1868. Gray skies and windy days are more the norm. In 2012 an estimated 2,702,200 people lived in Greater Manchester. Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the activity of using / riding bicycles, (at least partially) human-powered, wheeled vehicles (typically by foot pedalling), for purposes including transport, recreation, social interaction, exercise, sport, therapy, other purposes, or any combination thereof.. The city also has an international boarding school called CATS College Canterbury, which provides GCSE and A-Level courses. The City of London has its own police force the City of London Police. [166] As elsewhere in the North of England, when served through a handpump, a sparkler is used giving a tighter, more solid head. As of 2014[update], it had around 20,000 students. The Greater London Authority consists of the, London is not a city in the usual UK sense of having. A larger-than-life statue of Abraham Lincoln by George Gray Barnard in the eponymous Lincoln Square (having stood for many years in Platt Fields) was presented to the city by Mr and Mrs Charles Phelps Taft of Cincinnati, Ohio, to mark the part Lancashire played in the cotton famine and American Civil War of 18611865. [78] A windmill was on the mound between 1731 and 1839. [28], In 1647, during the English Civil War, riots broke out when Canterbury's puritan mayor banned church services on Christmas Day. Outdoor track. Built 1975 as Lehigh County Velodrome, renovated 1995. Services from London Victoria stop at Canterbury East and continue to Dover. [40][38], Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London.[41]. [104][105] According to 2010 Indices of Multiple Deprivation, Manchester is the 4th most deprived local council in England. The extended area known as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration, comprises a total area of 3,236 square miles (8,382km2) has a population of 13,709,000 and a population density of 3,900 inhabitants per square mile (1,510/km2). It is still extant and its buildings form part of the Science & Industry Museum. [306] The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the city. The Wessex Kings of England were reputed to have respected the Norse customs in Yorkshire and left law-making in the hands of the local aristocracy.[35]. The first edition of Top of the Pops was broadcast here on New Year's Day 1964. [465], The British Library is the second largest library in the world, and the national library of the United Kingdom. [212][213], The East End is the area closest to the original Port of London, known for its high immigrant population, as well as for being one of the poorest areas in London. Modern writers pervasively influenced by the city include Peter Ackroyd, author of a "biography" of London, and Iain Sinclair, who writes in the genre of psychogeography. [44] This either crossed the Thames or reached a now-lost island in it. The coach station was initially run by a group of coach companies under the name of London Coastal Coaches; however, in 1970 the service and station were included in the nationalisation of the country's coach services, becoming part of the National Bus Company. The capital was between the north and west ridings Isurium Brigantum (near Aldborough) civitas under Roman rule. [420] The city is one of the four fashion capitals of the world, and, according to official statistics, is the world's third-busiest film production centre, presents more live comedy than any other city,[421] and has the biggest theatre audience of any city in the world. [184], Anthony Burgess is among the 20th-century writers who made Manchester their home. Tourism is a huge part of the economy of York with a value of over 765 million to the city and supporting 24,000 jobs in 2019. It empties into the River Ouse at Barmby on the Marsh.[65]. Yorkshire or the County of York was so named as it is the shire (administrative area or county) of the city of York or York's Shire. [174][175] Manchester in the 19th century featured in works highlighting the changes that industrialisation had brought. [92] London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics,[96] claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866. [418], Leisure is a major part of the London economy. As Yorkshire was too large and unwieldy to have its own county council, separate county councils were created for the three ridings in 1889, but their area of control did not include the large towns, which became county boroughs, and included an increasingly large part of the population. The pilgrims in Geoffrey Chaucer's late 14th-century Canterbury Tales set out for Canterbury from Londonspecifically, from the Tabard inn, Southwark. Manchester's unplanned urbanisation was brought on by a boom in textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution,[8] and resulted in it becoming the world's first industrialised city. [5] Canterbury remains, however, a small city in terms of geographical size and population, when compared with other British cities. An army of Danish Vikings, the Great Heathen Army[30] as its enemies often referred to it, invaded Northumbrian territory in 866AD. [65] Manchester has a relatively high humidity level, and this, along with abundant soft water, was one factor that led to advancement of the textile industry in the area. For purposes of the Office for National Statistics, Manchester forms the most populous settlement within the Greater Manchester Urban Area, the United Kingdom's third-largest conurbation. [152], Forty per cent of Greater London is covered by the London post town, in which 'LONDON' forms part of postal addresses. Manchester (/ m n t s t r,-t s-/) is a city in Greater Manchester, England.It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. The museum has now closed despite a campaign for it to remain open. [210] West London includes expensive residential areas where properties can sell for tens of millions of pounds. [64], During the Tudor period the Reformation produced a gradual shift to Protestantism. [121] On 6 July 2005 London was awarded the 2012 Summer Olympics, as the first city to stage the Olympic Games three times. This is indeed the character that his neighbours give him; the southerner may think him a little hard: but if ever our country is let down by its inhabitants, we may be sure that it will not be the fault of Yorkshire. [101], KPMG's competitive alternative report also found that Manchester was Europe's most affordable city featured, ranking slightly better than the Dutch cities of Rotterdam and Amsterdam, which all have a cost-of-living index of less than 95. This enabled oceangoing ships to sail right into the Port of Manchester. [6] Yorkshire has been nicknamed "God's Own County" by its inhabitants. However, the population then grew by just over a million between the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, to reach 8,173,941 in the latter. The Thames is a tidal river, and London is vulnerable to flooding. [174] Furthermore, the city has been damaged at least twice (with fatalities) in the earthquakes of 1382 and 1580. The Dam on the River Amstel) is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands; with a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban area and 2,480,394 in the metropolitan area. London has 38 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), two national nature reserves and 76 local nature reserves. [157] Forerunners of the RNCM were the Northern School of Music (founded 1920) and the Royal Manchester College of Music (founded 1893), which merged in 1973. Historically canals were used, including the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, which is the longest canal in England. This would also allow Yorkshire to create up to 200,000 jobs[60][61] across the county and provide similar funding and autonomy to that enjoyed by Greater Manchester. [192][193][194][195] More recently, many of the exteriors of the BBC series Jericho were filmed at the nearby Rockingstone Quarry, and some interior work was done at North Light Film Studios. Since 2001, the population has grown by 87,900, or 20.8 per cent, making Manchester the third fastest-growing area in the 2011 census. Nearby villages include Chartham, Rough Common, Sturry and Tyler Hill. 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