is corn ethanol good for the environment

Given the trend toward better efficiency at corn ethanol plants, I would expect to find an even more favorable energy balance using more recent data. However, in a country like Brazil, they use sugarcane as the primary substance. For example, ethanol-fueled vehicles produce lower carbon dioxide emissions . From: Food Industry Wastes, 2013. Earlier estimates of ethanols GHG emissions assumed the increased price of corn (caused by increased demand for corn ethanol) would result in farmers bringing new land into production (otherwise known as land-use change). Lastly, water pollution due to ethanol is escalating. The Distillation Process is Not Good For the Environment. Not until 1978, in the wake of the 1970s energy crisis, did Congress provide a tax exemption for ethanol-blended gasoline. Difficult to Vaporize. The research, which was funded in part by the National Wildlife Federation and U.S. Department of Energy, found that ethanol is likely at least 24% more carbon-intensive than gasoline due to emissions resulting from land use changes to grow corn, along with processing and combustion. Each year, roughly 30% of field corn goes into fuel ethanol. USDA did not respond to a request for comment. New research is confirming that corn ethanol also has more greenhouse gas benefits than previously thought. Exactrix anticipates up to 3 to 10 times greater advantage over other approaches for producing and highly efficient corn. Ethanol is a relatively low-cost alternative fuel that boasts less pollution and more availability compared to unblended petrol, but there are a number of benefits and drawbacks to this newer form of fuel. I mean, who eats corn cobs? Thanks to the Inflation Reduction Act, annual spending by the Department of Agriculture on farm Digital assets that rely upon a process known as proof of work use a lot of electricity. COUNTERPOINT The Case for More Ethanol:Why Green Critics Are Wrong. You used the term methanol in the text of your question but linked to a USDA blog post on ethanol. [1/2]An ethanol plant with its giant corn silos next to a cornfield in Windsor, Colorado July 7, 2006. Please be respectful of copyright. Could you specify the average EROI for corn-based methanol in the US? Some studies (here and here) suggest that biofuel production leads to forest-clearing to grow more crops and thus increased greenhouse gas emissions. Ethanol proponents underscore emissions savings, cost stability (ethanol is distilled from domestically grown corn) and reduced reliance on (foreign) oil as benefits of more drivers filling up their tanks with E85 instead of gas. Even as corn ethanol spread into more and more filling stations, scientists and watchdog groups questioned its environmental benefits, noting that carbon emissions are not necessary lower than those of gasoline alone and pointing out the significant amount of water and land required for corn ethanol production. Here is a link to our most recent work on the energy balance of corn ethanol: 2015 Energy Balance for the Corn-Ethanol Industry. But that research underestimated the emissions impact of land conversion, Lark said. Under the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), a law enacted in 2005, the nation's oil refiners are required to mix some 15 billion gallons of corn-based ethanol into the nation's gasoline annually. Better for the Environment. It was forwarded to the Office of Energy and Environmental Policy. What are the benefits of using ethanol? For this and a host of other reasons, the push to substantially boost the use of corn-based ethanol to power our cars is extremely ill advised. On the bright side, America's farming and ethanol communities have heroically risen to a great challenge and defeated all the naysayers. But this would mean further EPA regulatory backing for E30 to assure its availability. The Senate voted to cut off the industrys $6 billion annual subsidy; and three Congressmen have reportedly reached a compromise with the industry that would eliminate the subsidy but divert $668 million of it to biofuels research and the installation of ethanol-friendly pumps at gas stations (and use $1.33 billion of the savings for federal deficit reductions). Here, the argument for E30 is supported by recent experimental work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which shows that E30s increased torque delivers more power to smaller, specialized engines so as to achieve rough miles-per-gallon parity with current E10 fuels. By encouraging farmers to plow up wetlands and grasslands, the mandate is causing more carbon to be released into the atmosphere, consuming more water to irrigate crops, causing more fertilizer to wash off farm fields and destroying more habitat that supports wildlife and millions of jobs. For reporters, ethanol crisscrosses beats. If ethanol was really economically viable you wouldn't need to pass laws to make people buy it. Fermentation. Pros. Reuters and Bloomberg both reported that against a backdrop of lower crude oil prices, ADM is looking at strategic options in its ethanol business after spending $1.3 billion since 2006 to build two new ethanol plants and seeing its fourth-quarter 2015 profits fall. The revisionist effort to increase the percentage of ethanol blended with U.S. gasoline continues to ignore the major environmental impacts of growing corn for fuel and how it inevitably leads to higher prices for this staple food crop. Excellent. Is ethanol good or bad? The grain required to fill a 25-gallon gas tank with ethanol can feed one. Cellulosic ethanol -- considered by many to be the ultimate biofuel is fuel generated from a plant's non-edible parts. If ethanol blends were raised to 30 percent, does anyone really think that there would be no impact on the prices paid by consumers for corn-fed chicken, eggs, pork, beef, and milk? Carbon monoxide production from ethanol fuel is significantly . So why is Congress continuing to force consumers to use a fuel that increases food and gas prices and is bad for the environment and public health? A new study, conducted by scientists at Harvard and other universities, shows that corn ethanol's carbon intensity is 46% lower than that of gasoline. The study, titled The greenhouse gas benefits of corn ethanolassessing recent evidence, also found that when ethanol is produced at natural gas-powered refineries, the GHG emissions are even loweraround 43 percent below gasoline. As it turns out, the data show that the last decade was a time of great innovation and productivity improvement in both corn production and ethanol refinery technologies. So, not only is corn-based ethanol a smarter choice for the environment, it's also a healthier one for you and your family. The Energy Policy Act mandated that by 2012, 7.5 billion gallons of renewable fuels be blended annually into gasoline. Corn ethanol is ethanol produced from corn biomass and is the main source of ethanol fuel in the United States, mandated to be blended with gasoline in the Renewable Fuel Standard.Corn ethanol is produced by ethanol fermentation and distillation.It is debatable whether the production and use of corn ethanol results in lower greenhouse gas emissions than gasoline. On a life cycle analysis basis, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are reduced on average by 40% with corn-based ethanol produced from dry mills, and range between 88% and 108% if cellulosic feedstocks are used depending on feedstock type, compared with gasoline and diesel production and use. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2022 National Geographic Partners, LLC. A lock ( LockA locked padlock ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Geoff Cooper, president and CEO of the Renewable Fuels Association, the ethanol trade lobby, called the study "completely fictional and erroneous," arguing the authors used "worst-case assumptions [and] cherry-picked data.". The Science study concluded that ethanol releases "modestly lower total emissions" than gasoline but only if people are eating less; not if growing and harvesting more corn is required to feed them. When corn is cheap and oil prices are high, ethanol margins are fat. EPA plans to propose 2023 requirements in May. It reduces the carbon impact on the environment. Innovation is Driving Down Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Corn-based Ethanol The American Automobile Association (AAA) has objected to ethanol blend increases even to 15 percent, noting that it could cause accelerated engine wear and failure, as well as fuel-system damage. Corn cultivation appears to be responsible for ethanol's less-than-ideal environmental impact, according to new research by the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which administers the nation's biofuel policy, is considering changes to the program. Two prices determine its profitability: the price of corn and the price of oil. Know your environment. This exemption and the subsidies that followed, however, couldnt reverse our growing dependence on foreign oil. While ethanol fermented and distilled from corn is considered a renewable fuel because corn growth, which removes carbon dioxide from the air during photosynthesis, offsets carbon dioxide. The corn lobbys got lots of clout, and it cant hurt that the path to the presidency begins in Iowa (rumor has it that Republican hopeful Jon Huntsman will bypass the caucuses because of his support to end ethanol subsidies). Risks of increasing gasoline's ethanol content by 50 percent - from E10 to E15 - include: Environmental Damage: Increased greenhouse gas emissions; Waterway pollution from chemical runoff; Loss of biodiversity; Public Health Concerns: A groundbreaking study says yes. Refinery efficiency improvements can have benefits beyond reducing GHG emissions as well, such as producing co-products like corn oil. Tony Radich Copyright 2020, Environmental Working Group. Then way back in prehistoric times, we humans figured out how to hijack that microbial process for our own purposes and for millennia that purpose was making alcohol from sugar for libation (and I imagine since then theres been a whole lot of libation). Making biofuels from corn cobs slated for livestock feed will affect food supplies as well as land use and greenhouse gas emissions. Our article in the journal Biofuels also assessed the GHG impacts of improved technologies. The latest science on E15 clarifies the fuel's damaging impacts on the environment, public health, and consumers. It remains a bad idea whose time has passed. And so theres a lot more feedstock for making cellulosic ethanol than for making traditional, grain-based forms of ethanol. DAN THORNBERG/SHUTTERSTOCK, The Case Against More Ethanol: Its Simply Bad for Environment, including former Senator Tim Wirth and attorney C. 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Apart from the scientific evidence that ethanol-based particles in air can kill people and make them sick, more recent scientific analysis links corn for ethanol to declining bee populations, with potentially catastrophic implications for many other high-value agricultural crops (almonds, apples) that depend on these insects for pollination. 1250 I Street NW However, when it comes to GHGs, the evidence demonstrates that corn ethanol is a net positive compared with gasolineand there is room for continued improvement. . Cellulosic ethanol could be produced from any potential living plant organism, including algae or grass . Given that ethanol typically comprises 10 percent of commercially available gasoline, that means. These results, the study noted, reinforce recent evidence that increased demand for corn in biofuel production has intensified threats to natural habitats in corn-growing regions.. Official websites use .gov For environmental purposes, ethanol is less harmful than unblended petrol. But Congress could reform EWGs annual tracking of algae bloom news reports finds more than 400 stories already this year, and further proof that toxic algae can be deadly for dogs. Unfortunately, both uses wreak havoc on the environment. Biofuels like corn-based ethanol directly replace petroleum-based fuels - and they're renewable. In 2005, spurred by rising oil prices and perceptions that corn ethanol was a renewable, carbon-neutral fuel, Americas love affair with corn ethanol grew. Yes, there is no need for large-scale corn production. Corn ethanol was supposed to help the climate. Rare photos show chimps treating their wounds with insects, Pumpkin pollution is a problemhere's what you can do. A recent study found that declines in bee populations are greatest in areas of intense agriculture in the Midwest corn belt and Californias Central Valley, both of which have few of the flowering species, such as goldenrod, that are so important to bee survival. By using small-scale traditional farming or permaculture-style growing food, there is less impact on the environment. Corn ethanol LCA in US (Far more per capita land and other resources) and sugar cane based ethanol are not comparable. Assuming engine designs can be innovated and E30 can be made widely available, it may be possible to overcome the concentrated resistance to ethanol among consumer groups and the auto industry in the words of a Mercedes-Benz engineer, to make the dog like the dog food. To date, however, the dogs appetite for ethanol has been weak. Meat-producing animals consumed an average of 38 percent of the U.S. corn crop from 2012 to 2016, about the same as used for ethanol. A new study suggests that those fears may be well-founded. Initially reported by Reuters, this research paper indicates that the carbon intensity of corn-based ethanol is "likely at least 24% higher" than conventional gasoline, not a promising figure . Ethanol and ethanol-gasoline mixtures burn cleaner and have higher octane levels than gasoline that does not contain ethanol, but they also have higher evaporative emissions from fuel tanks and dispensing equipment. One main reason we use corn ethanol . Is ethanol good for the environment? Sign up for the E360 Newsletter . The idea that ethanol demand has no effect on corn prices would come as news to economists documenting its continuing pivotal role. Consider its response to research confirming corn ethanol's damage to the environment. Methanol can be used as fuel but is not widely available for this purpose. Corn Ethanol. Australia's corporate watchdog is investigating several companies and financial institutions for "greenwashing", or exaggerated claims regarding environment-friendly investment and products, a senior official said on Tuesday. By the standards of agricultural policy changes, the introduction of grain and oilseeds biofuels for use in transport fuels was abrupt, and the effects on the balance of supply and demand was dramatic, he has written. While any amount of ethanol blended below the 15-billion-gallon intention of the RFS is detrimental to American corn farmers, as well as the environment, there were a few bright spots coming from Washington today. The best-case scenario for corn-based ethanol is a 20-percent reduction in carbon emissions. Build the strongest argument relying on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry defining technology. Not to mention that the batteries used in electric cars are at times dangerous they have the ability to explode. https://www.anl.gov/article/landuse-change-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions, Fuel Ethanol Produced from Midwest U.S. Corn: Help or Hindrance to the Vision of Kyoto? Creators of Skin Deep Database Tapwater Database EWG Verified Search. But in recent years, its economic benefits have been questioned (see here, here, here and here). Ethanol consumption has severe drawbacks pertaining to its effect on the environment. Last week the Energy Department announced a $105 million loan guarantee to a company proposing to make ethanol from corn cobs. The Corn Ethanol Juggernaut. Brian Wright, an agricultural economist at the University of California at Berkeley has noted that real corn prices have nearly doubled since the ethanol mandates of 2005-2007. Shrouded in the political fumes and corrosive influence of special interests, the economic fundamentals of ethanol are clear in the light of day. Biofuels from switchgrass, if grown on. It also causes a problem for air pollution in cities and rural areas. The corn ethanol lobby is desperate to dodge the blame for the polluted water, soil degradation and destruction of wildlife habitat driven by this massive land use change. https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2017/01/12/innovation-driving-down-gree, Argonne Lowers Land Use Change GHG Emissions For Corn Ethanol Economically, cellulosic ethanol is not yet ready for prime time its too expensive but industry is pushing ahead and in many cases with government support. In 2014, the U.S. will use almost 5 billion bushels of corn to produce over 13 billion gallons of ethanol fuel. EWG is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation, EIN 52-2148600. More recent research shows that, while there has been some conversion and reallocation of land, things did not end up playing out the way these earlier projections anticipated. In support, they cite studies related to the impacts of aromatic hydrocarbons from gasoline additives used to boost octane, which lead in turn to secondary particulates with impacts on human health. Reporting by Leah Douglas; Editing by David Gregorio. The industry leader for online information for tax, accounting and finance professionals. @Tibor Nemeth - thank you for your inquiry. Cellulosic ethanol, which was supposed to supplant that made from corn in meeting the mandate, has proven a monumental disappointment, and the EPA has taken a big step back from requiring its use. Because of RFS, corn cultivation expanded in the U.S. into nearly 7 million additional acres of land between 2008-16 8.7% growth. The truth is, however, that growing corn in the U.S. heartland still has a major environmental impact one that will only increase if we add even more ethanol to our gasoline. A study we just published in the journal Biofuels found that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from corn ethanol are about 39 percent lower than gasoline on energy equivalent basis. At COP27, climate change framed as battle for survival, U.S. must make much deeper emissions cuts to meet climate goals -government report, COP 27 Developing countries need $1 trillion a year in climate finance -report, Australian regulator investigating more firms for 'greenwashing', COP 27: Dutch to boost climate funding to developing nations, PM says, At Chile wine gala, climate change and water use in focus, Climate activists detained at Spain museum released from custody, COP27 Drought-stricken work together to fight water woes, See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. The essence of the argument that we need more, not less, ethanol in our gas tanks is linked to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys upcoming mid-term review of President Obamas fuel economy standards, established in 2012. Its use of corn for fuel instead of food has fed other concerns, such as possible food shortages and volatility, price shocks and political instability. This analysis found that corn ethanol plants produce 2.1 Btu of ethanol for every Btu of energy input. The huge corn ethanol mandates imposed by Congress a few years ago may be the single most misguided agricultural program in modern American history. It features in stories about renewable resources, greenhouse-gas emissions, water use and . While the overall impacts on climate remain uncertain, there is no clear evidence that ethanol is part of the solution rather than the problem. For environmental purposes, ethanol is less harmful than unblended petrol. 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Washington, DC 20005. Its a little trick that microbes figured out billions of years ago as a way of getting energy from carbohydrates. "Corn ethanol is not a climate-friendly fuel," said Dr. Tyler Lark, assistant scientist at University of Wisconsin-Madison Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment and lead author. Tilling fields releases carbon stored in soil, while other farming activities, like applying nitrogen fertilizers, also produce emissions. Ecologically Effective. In the second of our two-part series on ethanol, Julie Grant reports that some of that conservation is being stalled: A good hard rain can wash a lot of valuable soil off a . Thats according to the Swiss Federal Laboratories, which concluded that biofuels often shift environmental burdens toward land-use related impacts.. These include adopting conservation (PDF, 7.6 MB) on corn farms, such as cover crops, no-till, and precision agriculture technology, which can decrease emissions on the farm level. Production of ethanol increases the formation of greenhouse gases. The ethanol industry and others are proposing raising the blend level to 30 percent. Something to chew on. More about C. Ford Runge, Never miss a feature! Most drivers are already using ethanol-blended fuels. Feb 14 (Reuters) - Corn-based ethanol, which for years has been mixed in huge quantities into gasoline sold at U.S. pumps, is likely a much bigger contributor to global warming than straight gasoline, according to a study published Monday. 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