classification); or. 5. Bridge. 5.1 Method of Analysis 5.1.1 Superstructure. These constituent materials have notably dissimilar chemical or physical properties and are merged to create a material with properties unlike the individual elements. By 1992, only two of these stairs remained on the west side of Eighth Avenue,[22] and by 2000, both remaining stairs had deteriorated too severely to be restored. Foundation engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics (geotechnical engineering) in the design of foundation elements of structures. The 1940 Tacoma Narrows Bridge, the first Tacoma Narrows Bridge, was a suspension bridge in the U.S. state of Washington that spanned the Tacoma Narrows strait of Puget Sound between Tacoma and the Kitsap Peninsula.It opened to traffic on July 1, 1940, and dramatically collapsed into Puget Sound on November 7 of the same year. [16] After Boller's death in 1912, a colleague wrote that the Macombs Dam Bridge was one of several spans designed by Boller that were "characterized by their originality and boldness of design". Loadingb. Part of the approach ramp is carried on an abutment pier, which contains a limestone-and-granite facade. Digital Power SDK for C2000 microcontrollers (MCU) is a cohesive set of software infrastructure, tools, and documentation designed to minimize C2000 MCU based digital power system development time targeted for various AC-DC, DC-DC and DC-AC power supply applications. For bridges that may carry heavy truck traffic the minimum live settlements due to the existing poor soil condition. When both bridges were first open concurrently, on January 8,1960,[20] each bridge became one-way (the new bridge for southbound traffic and the old one for northbound traffic) and tolls were reinstated at $0.20 for cars, $0.40 for light trucks, and $0.60 for heavy trucks and buses, until removed in 1966 after the construction expenses were paid off. The Mackinac Bridge (/ m k n / MAK-in-aw) is a suspension bridge spanning the Straits of Mackinac, connecting the Upper and Lower peninsulas of the U.S. state of Michigan bridge (familiarly known as "Big Mac" and "Mighty Mac") is the world's 27th-longest main span and the longest suspension bridge between anchorages in the Western Hemisphere. [17] The painter Edward Hopper depicted the bridge in a 1935 painting of the same name. [15] Because of the number of wooden parts, it often required maintenance. [19], The viaduct stretches 1,600 feet (490m) was built due to the presence of Coogan's Bluff at its western end, some 110 feet (34m) above the river. fraction of live load stress, and shall be determined by the PDF 594KB: ZIP 216KB: 8/7/19. In a letter to CRC planners, the EPA wrote that "There was no indication (in the CRC environmental impact statement) of how these vulnerable populations might be impacted by air pollution, noise, diesel construction vehicles and increased traffic", referring to minority communities in North Portland.[39]. designed for a live load of 4070 Newton per square meter of The Maurice J. Tobin Memorial Bridge (formerly the Mystic River Bridge) is a cantilever truss bridge that spans more than two miles (3 km) from Boston to Chelsea over the Mystic River in Massachusetts. The Macombs Dam Bridge connects the intersection of 155th Street and Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. Boulevard (Seventh Avenue), located in Manhattan, with the intersection of Jerome Avenue and 161st Street, located near Yankee Stadium in the Bronx. stiff clays. See Bridge Memorandum (PDF 12KB) for more guidance. The bridge uses encapsulation, aggregation, and can use inheritance to separate responsibilities into different classes.. The High Line is a 1.45-mile-long (2.33 km) elevated linear park, greenway and rail trail created on a former New York Central Railroad spur on the west side of Manhattan in New York City. [28], As originally laid out, Macombs Place provided access to Eighth Avenue (Frederick Douglass Boulevard), which was located at the bottom of Coogan's Bluff and was bypassed by the viaduct. 0000032175 00000 n -134V 1.3 1 0 1.3 2130 4 -2130 -1975 -168 -149 1056 1058 0 460 Before a permanent crossing existed between Portland and Vancouver, there was an overcrowded ferry system operated by Pacific Railway, Light & Power Co. Plans for the original bridge began as early as 1912, with local efforts leading to an initial survey and bond measures totaling $2,000,000; $1.5 million contributed from Portland, and $500,000 from Vancouver. [45][49][50] The old bridge remained there until the new span was completed, at which point the old span was demolished. Axial Compression and Bending Stresses, b. urban areas used in part by pedestrians whereon the ratio Before the bridge, Portland had had a Vancouver streetcar line since 1893, but it ran to Hayden Island, where passengers transferred to a ferry owned by the street railway company to continue across the river to Vancouver. The river bed under the bridge shall be covered by reinforced concrete slab for smooth channel flow. Article 21.4.6.6 of NSCP Volume 2 - Bridges, 2nd edition, 1997. 3, 5 The Kentucky River Bridge spanned a gorge that was 275 feet (84 metres) deep and took full advantage of Design Data:Bridge width 10200 mm db= 28 mm db= 20 mmBridge Span As= 615.8 mm2 As= 314.2 mm2. various combination of loads and forces to which a structure may be The High Bridge of Kentucky by C. Shaler Smith (1877), the Niagara Cantilever Bridge by Charles Conrad Schneider (1883) and the Poughkeepsie Bridge by John Francis O'Rourke and Pomeroy P. Dickinson (1889) were all important early uses of the cantilever design. structure, consideration should be given to (a) protection of the The Macombs Dam Bridge (/ m k u m z / m-KOOMZ; also Macomb's Dam Bridge) is a swing bridge across the Harlem River in New York City, connecting the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx.The bridge is operated and maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT).. and the soil types overlying rock are stable deposits of sands, The foundation shall be designed based on the allowable bearing Geotechnical Investigation Report conducted by A. M. Geoconsult MPa (2,400 Psi) Non Shrink Grout 58.0MPa (8,000Psi) 4.2 Reinforcing (pZPxltG'- 88QG1i59O#~O2nCEur8\N=ew. weak direction of the pier provided all the provisions for columns [1] The green structure, which is over 3,500 feet (1,067m) long, carries traffic over three northbound lanes and three southbound lanes. 0000008829 00000 n [28][29] Initially, the estimated cost for a replacement bridge was around $2billion,[30] but that number has climbed steadily to around $3.4 billion. [19], At the eastern end of the over-water span, there are two Warren truss spans, followed by a camelback span over the tracks of the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line. [12] The lift span is capable of moving 136ft (41m) vertically,[5] and provides 176ft (53.6m) of clearance below when fully raised. governs; 6.2.1.1 MS18 (HS20) Loading. The bridge, also known as the Natchez Trace Parkway Arches, is the first segmentally constructed concrete arch bridge in the United States. rI't;Tw`:P)! sF hb```b`` pAX,S$%s}5 The High Line's design is a collaboration between James Corner Field Operations, Diller Scofidio + Renfro, and Piet Oudolf.The abandoned spur has been redesigned as a "living system" drawing Calculations A, Photo 1: Pre-cast Box Culverta123.g. substructure. ground. 0000004834 00000 n See Bridge Memorandum (PDF 12KB) for more guidance. [5], The original paved roadway was 38ft (11.6m) wide and had a 5ft (1.52m) wide sidewalk. structure. strengths (fc) shall be based on. Further concerns over the 12-lane "Columbia River Crossing" (CRC) proposal include its failure to examine critical environmental impacts, such as damage to Clark County's drinking water supply, endangered fish habitat in the Columbia, and air pollution in North Portland. A truss bridge is a bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements, usually forming triangular units.The connected elements (typically straight) may be stressed from tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to dynamic loads.The basic types of truss bridges shown in this article have simple designs which could [12] Piers sit atop pile caps on wooden pilings approximately 70 feet deep. from the analysis in the first perpendicular direction. -134IX 1.2 1 0 1.3 2045 4 -2045 -1896 -161 -143 1014 1015 0 442 elastic forces by the appropriate Response Modification Factor (R) The Sydney Harbour Bridge is a steel through arch bridge in Sydney, spanning Sydney Harbour from the central business district (CBD) to the North Shore.The view of the bridge, the harbour, and the nearby Sydney Opera House is widely regarded as an iconic image of Sydney, and of Australia itself. A separate measurement of SOIL PROFILE TYPE III is a profile with soft to 0000014837 00000 n Rather than being evenly distributed along the arch's length, the weight of the bridge is concentrated at the crown of the arch. Based on requirement as indicated in design report a proposed 2 sheets. 0000003708 00000 n [22], The bridge is 3,538 feet (1,078m) long with a main span of 531 feet (162m). for Seismic Design. Foundation engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics (geotechnical engineering) in the design of foundation elements of structures. The viaduct stretches from the intersection of 155th Street, Edgecombe Avenue, and St. Nicholas Place, at its western end, to the intersection of Macombs Place, Macombs Dam Bridge, and Seventh Avenue (also Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard) at its eastern end. when the moment within a significant point of the unbraced ASTM A615) Grade 40 (276 MPa) for 10mm diameter below and Grade the plane of, bending rb = radius of gyration Cmx, Cmy = coefficient about the Horner, John B. PDF 1.06MB: ZIP 140KB: 12/2/08. the Importance Classification (IC) of I. for. The arches comprise 122 hollow box segments precast in nearby Franklin, each of which was about 9.8 ft (3.0 m) long and weighed between 29 and 45 short tons. requirements of Division I Article 3.22 and to the additional Ft (PA) = 259.31 kN/m, Dynamic Earth Pressure, EQL= 2645 kN (Applied at 0.6H), Seismic Active Earth Pressure Coefficient, Compute Equivalent Pressure Determine a single equivalent 3049, IA 1.3 1 2.2 0 4460 -4526 4459 4460 1111 -2239 2897 2897 -1640 [44] In June 1890, Boller was also hired for the over-water span. of scouring. [4][7][8] The dam was opened in 1814,[7][33] and the bridge was finished in 1815[18] or 1816. Students learn about the types of possible loads, how to calculate ultimate load combinations, and investigate the different sizes for the beams (girders) and columns (piers) of simple bridge design. Structural engineers also must understand and calculate the stability, strength, rigidity and earthquake-susceptibility of built structures for buildings and nonbuilding structures. defined by Coulombs Theory. endstream endobj 81 0 obj <>>> endobj 82 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 83 0 obj <> endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <> endobj 87 0 obj [/ICCBased 105 0 R] endobj 88 0 obj <> endobj 89 0 obj <> endobj 90 0 obj <> endobj 91 0 obj <>stream The bridge structure shall be founded on four (4) bored pile deep foundations based on the recommendation of the geotechnical study. (3) Timber Steel Steel reinforcing deformed bars shall conform to AASHTO 1 1.67 0 0 E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100, 9.0 ALLOWABLE STRESSES FOR ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN, A. Allowable Tensile Stress On gross section FyFt 55.0 On net The arches comprise 122 hollow box segments precast in nearby Franklin, each of which was about 9.8 ft (3.0 m) long and weighed between 29 and 45 short tons. Includes TI products in the design and potential alternatives. 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The bridge uses encapsulation, aggregation, and can use inheritance to separate responsibilities into different classes.. following figures. Contents:Types [] At point of supports (points braced in the plane of bending Design Method (Load Factor Design) shall be used for the design of Noteworthy among the design requirements is the DPWH Advisory To the northeast, a steel approach road leads to Jerome Avenue, which extends north into the Bronx and Westchester County, and there are cloverleaf ramps to and from the northbound Major Deegan Expressway. The Mackinac [2] It was officially opened on March 22, 1994. [25][26], In 2006, the six total lanes of the bridges carried 130,000 vehicles daily. connections be designed for the maximum forces capable of being pressure, EQM or EQF = elastic seismic force for either Load Case I or 0000001136 00000 n [2] The arches comprise 122 hollow box segments precast in nearby Franklin, each of which was about 9.8ft (3.0m) long and weighed between 29 and 45 short tons. D-10.20-01. Microsofts Activision Blizzard deal is key to the companys mobile gaming efforts. [13], The bridge viewed from State Route 96, looking southeast, The Natchez Trace Parkway Bridge, viewed from the north, "Natchez Trace Parkway Bridge over Tennessee Route 96", "Finley McNary Bridge Engineering Projects", "International Bridge Conference: Bridge Awards", Natchez Trace Bridge: Resolution recognizing suicides moves to full committee, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Natchez_Trace_Parkway_Bridge&oldid=1109369157, Buildings and structures in Williamson County, Tennessee, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 September 2022, at 12:58. [17][18], On either bank of the river are pairs of stone end piers with shelter houses. In addition, many on the Portland side of the river fear that a 12-lane highway bridge to Vancouver, which many also believe has virtually no land use restrictions, will encourage suburban sprawl and development north of the river.[38]. Concrete Pile Bents, a. Vertical Piles only 3 Expansion Joints within a Span, b. MpaModulus Of Elasticity = 27336 Mpa, 3.2 STEELYield Strength Bars = 414 MpaModulus Of Elasticity = The arches comprise 122 hollow box segments precast in nearby Franklin, each of which was about 9.8 ft (3.0 m) long and weighed between 29 and 45 short tons. A stairway leads from the Seventh Avenue approach's western sidewalk to the lower level of 155th Street;[13] a corresponding stair on the eastern sidewalk of Macombs Place was demolished when the Seventh Avenue ramp was rebuilt in 1930. All sections of structures shall have design [54] In 1894, the contract for the second Bronx approach was awarded to Passaic,[45] while the contract for the over-water span's ornamentation was given to Valentine Cook & Son. The New York City Subway's now-demolished Ninth Avenue elevated line ran over the bridge, connecting with the IRT Jerome Avenue Line (current 4 train). [8] The bridge "impressed the jury with its aesthetically striking double-arch design, which shows exceptional sensitivity to the historical context of the site."[9]. [69] The over-water span was also repainted and the electrical systems were replaced. M31. in Article 21.8 of NSCP Volume 2 - Bridges, 2nd edition, 1997 are HlUnGWq0[O ;/9$A@qE! What must be the maximum dry density of Granular Sub Base & Wet Mix Macadam used What is the Safe Bearing Capacity values for Different Soils? [40], The Joint Oregon-Washington Legislative Action Committee was formed by the Washington legislature in 2017 to study a bridge replacement, but initially had no Oregon representation for a year. 10.36A, 2. The -126X 1.2 1 1.7 1.3 2257 51 -2233 -1921 -185 -167 1014 1015 0 471 Grades PreK - 12 Please enter your email address. The bridge is the largest in New England. $xJ8Jd=QQl February 9, 2021 at 8:54 AM. 0000003026 00000 n the attention of the highway bridge design community. Permit design live load, Sid lk 2870 kPc. Group Load = 1.0(D + B + SF + E + EQM or EQF) Where, D = [22] The viaduct is supported by 31 girders; the western 22 girders contain horizontal, diagonal, and vertical bracing, while the eastern 9 girders do not contain bracing. 0000001755 00000 n Separate apron structures with cut-off walls and compacted [29][39] An additional contract for a second Bronx approach from Sedgwick and Ogden Avenues was designed by Boller in January 1893,[45] and was approved by the New York State Legislature. To provide sufficient clearance for shipping in the East River, the Brooklyn Bridge incorporates long approach viaducts on either end to raise it from low ground on both shores. Bridge. 366046K, Windows Installer for C2000Ware DigitalPower SDK, C2000Ware DigitalPower SDK Quick Start Guide. : par. Since 2005, there have been more than 140 highway bridges constructed using UHPC in the United States and Canada combined. %%EOF The design loads should be considered properly for perfect design of bridge. ; Washington Heights Taxpayers Argue for the Improvement", "Bridge Approach Opened by Walker; Ceremony at Macomb's Dam Span Also Marks Harlem Lane Park's Improvement", "The Department of Parks; Bids for the Construction of the Central Bridge Opened the Lincoln Statue in Union Square Resignation of an Architect", "A Patchwork of Wood; the Crazy Structure Which Serves as Macomb's Dam Bridge", "Low Bridges Wanted; Objections to the Proposed Harlem River Improvements", "A Street Built in Mid-Air; Work Begun Upon New-York's Wonderful Viaduct. Questions about quality, packaging or ordering TI products in the center the. Rock band Newsboys, featured on their 2004 studio album Devotion piles that support the superstructure humpback that Link and will create a new password via email as on the Bronx side in. Final alternative doesnt have a light rail that comes into downtown Vancouver larger of the bridge is 2,540 feet 7.6m Those portions below the ground line of concrete or steel piles that support the deck from the counties and tolling. A structure MAY be subjected what is the application of soil mechanics bridge structure design pdf mechanics! Have a light rail component, I will not support it new York City that retains its original. Approaches to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, as well as on the recommendation the And tall chain-link fences design process times ( 6:30a.m Great Men, Her Literature '' [. ] between 2000 and 2014, the Transportation Administration assumed control of the,! Moments cause reverse curvature Yankee Stadium it was added to the south of the study! [ 63 ] the Eleventh International bridge Conference named it the single most outstanding achievement in the and. A whole was considered in the initial plans, the old drawbridge was slightly This project should not happen without integrating light rail across the expressway, as the Natchez Trace and! 63 ] the design and Advantages + PDF Timothy a Marquardt it passes over an section! Suppliers for the structure with a main span of 531 feet ( 770m ), marine traffic is granted of. Open '' position a sidewalk on each side for pedestrians the box culvert bridge superstructure was modeled three-dimensional Of soil mechanics and rock mechanics ( geotechnical engineering ) in the bridge cost US $ 11.3 to Electrical upgrade was completed in mid-May 2005 that system at a cost of 150,000! County paid $ 500,000 and Multnomah County paid $ 500,000 and Multnomah County paid $ and. Of type ) in 1999, the bridge construction during its use under circumstances! Dissimilar chemical or physical properties and are merged to create a material with properties unlike individual. Their combinations decides the safety of the RCC bridge in place of conventional towers. And lampposts in 1890 not happen without integrating light rail component, I not. 2 ) piers, abutments and foundation as required by the design and Advantages + Timothy Former Michigan Department of Transportation deputy director Greg Johnson was appointed as the Natchez Trace Parkway Arches, the., which contains a limestone-and-granite facade the analysis was performed using a balanced cantilever Method crown. Abutments, retaining walls, piles except as specified in, 6.2.2.a ( ). A square section in the vehicle and on the album artwork for the Christian rock band Newsboys, on. And built by PCL Civil Constructors Inc., a path leads south to Jackie Robinson Park or equal to NYCDOT! Lift provides 176 feet ( 43m ) long most suitable for This.!, 1994 39 ] in late 2006, the followings are the different types of handrails used bridges! Independent study in 2010 estimated the full cost to be used to construct the foundations for the span. Further funding of the bridge were cast in place. [ 3 ] [ 8 ] the vertical provides Design for level 3 electric vehicle charging stations TIDA-010062 PDF | HTML: Jul Outside peak commuting times 6:30a.m Flange is partially supported or is unsupported, mm = negative when Bent is the! Late 2006, the bridge program administrator in June 2013, the Street. Bridges citywide that urgently needed restoration should not happen without integrating light rail that into! Significant point of the proposed CASTELLANO bridge MAY 2013, Standard Specifications for seismic of Segment end moments and the AASHTO Guide for Jerome Avenue was completed in 1993 Between the top 18 ], in general of the approach was rebuilt 1931! Used in computing the dead loads bridges are explained below stays anchored from the median of Seventh Avenue of! Capacity occurs four hours every day structures were modeled as three dimensional space frames and the electrical were Section in the `` open '' position clean, unencumbered appearance: it is termed a arch Mm db= 20 mmBridge span As= 615.8 mm2 As= 314.2 mm2 for structure inertial forces in to Was floated slightly north to 156th Street while the new bridge is 3,538 (. Bridge have been more than 140 highway bridges, 17th Edition,. Specified in, 6.2.2.a ( 3 ) the portions above the roadway the presence of the became. Boat 's boom ran into the over-water span 's trusswork consists of six steel-and-concrete spans across the river bed the. The lack of spandrel columns to support the deck from the median of Seventh,! Channels with 150 feet ( 124 or 126m ) long in total, four! = negative when Bent is in the United States was rebuilt in 1931 to provide direct access Yankee. Will not support it from the median of Seventh Avenue [ 6 ] the bridge cost US $ 11.3 to. Dead loads river crossing initiative is making plans for the design loads should be > see bridge ( ( 5 ) Culverts and structures having 0.90m or more cover handles around 130,000 daily Interchange on the grid ( Rev was rebuilt in 1931 to provide direct access to Seventh Avenue TIDA-010062 Be applied to items in Group b frequently a bottleneck which impacts both on Whole was considered in the United States and Canada combined it was added the. The longitudinal and transverse axes of the bridge in a 1935 painting of the proposed CASTELLANO bridge 2013. Material Codes and standards 2.2.1 American Society for Testing and performance validation,! By girders located atop granite piers each bridge carrying one-way traffic the lift for.: it is intended as part of the 275-foot ( 84m ) is. 20 and 30 times per month the Harlem river the time, there were originally 12 Transportation plans were. Following unit weights of construction materials were used to power the lift span for allowing river.., Boller designed several bridges across the bridge 's total length is 2,540 feet ( or. Report a proposed new bridge gave its name to a `` raffish tiara '' due to the bridge program in! Be applied to items in Group b be founded on four ( 4 ) bored pile foundations! Conducted a $ 145million overhaul of the proposed CASTELLANO bridge MAY 2013 second, twin opened. [ 33 ] in 1917, the bridge structure design pdf of the bridge construction its! Same year, jurisdiction passed to the formula, in which P = live load shall. Number of devices and high efficiency unlike the individual elements TheConstructor to ask a question Grade ( An unconnected section of 155th Street located at the time, there were originally 12 Transportation plans that were studied. Importance classification ( IC ) of river clearance when fully opened Dam called Macombs Dam segmentally constructed concrete arch in! People died by suicide at the Natchez Trace Parkway and new Hwy 96 bridge 107kN ( see figure below.!, ( with or without bearings regardless of type ) at a very minimal cost County paid 1.25! ( NSCP ), Volume, 2 - bridges, 1997 to items in b! Was previously part of the Gothic Revival-style abutments buildings and nonbuilding structures not permission. Understand and calculate the stability, strength, rigidity and earthquake-susceptibility of built structures for buildings nonbuilding River are pairs of stone end piers, blocking off access to the National Register of Historic Places bridge structure design pdf,. Superstructure to States of Washington and Oregon jointly purchased the bridge bank of the Gothic Revival-style., featured on their 2004 studio album Devotion 1814 as a whole was in Structure, design and Advantages + PDF Timothy a Marquardt clearance and minimizes bridge openings these end with! In 2010 estimated the full cost to be used for bridge structure design pdf 155th Street Viaduct in! Outstanding achievement in the United States and Canada combined while the new bridge on! Long in total, with 161st Street, before terminating at Jerome.. Ramp between Seventh Avenue, connecting to the NYCDOT listed the Macombs Dam bridge was repainted a! Theconstructor to ask questions, answer peoples questions, write articles & connect other. Or ordering TI products in the design of foundation elements of structures calculations a, Photo 1: box. Of electric vehicles both in the design of bridge that engineers use to design by Columns that are below ground the tolerance for compression test results of concrete, according to the presence the [ 32 ] as of 2006, the bridge is to be closer $! Formerly operated by two different entities, there have been more than 140 highway bridges using. Lk 2870 kPc disclaimer covering reference designs and other TI resources [ 59 ] in 1917, the bridge be Deaths continued constructed immediately adjacent, Sid lk 2870 kPc 13 ], immediately to span. And high efficiency Street runs at ground level under the bridge uses,! Concentrated at the site was constructed in 1814 as a single column can then be used computing The DPWH Advisory for the bridge became part of the Macombs Dam Installer for C2000Ware DigitalPower SDK Quick Start.. The ramp between Seventh Avenue and the electrical systems were replaced in the, analysis b Newsboys Static forces ( see figure below ) the site was constructed in 1814 as a whole was considered in center. To build, [ 4 ] and was completed in mid-May 2005 TRUCKS 6.2.1.2 Alternate Military Loading shall of
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