Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity, and health professionals worldwide are already responding to the health harms caused by this unfolding crisis. The grey literature that was included is in this list because it can be good background reading for the reader unfamiliar with the scope of climate change impacts. 1,2. OpenLearn works with other organisations by providing free courses and resources that support our mission of opening up educational opportunities to more people in more places. Contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 847-940. Students of Earth system history are not just concerned with documenting what has happened; they also view the past as a series of experiments in which solar radiation, ocean currents, continental configurations, atmospheric chemistry, and other important features have varied. This term is not interchangeable with the term "climate change.". How Climate Change Affects Precipitation Photo Courtesy: Credit:Naeblys/iStock. 2.2.2 Temperature changes over the past millennium, 2.4 The meaning of 'consensus': peer review and the IPCC process, 2.5 A 'collective picture of a warming world', 2.5.1 Physical and weather-related indicators, 2.6.1 Weighing up the evidence: the full cast of suspects. Enrol and complete the course for a free statement of participation or digital badge if available. All these factors change through time. This online encyclopedia contains more than 750 entries covering a vast range of topics relating to global warming and climate change. sea level noun Warming temperatures in some areas, like the northern United States, are extending the periods when plants release pollen. Climate change: a long-term change in the Earth's climate, or of a region on Earth. An extensive collection of animated climate change and Earth science visualizations. And as weather varies from day to day, so too does climate vary, from daily day-and-night cycles up to periods of geologic time hundreds of millions of years long. This effort is being facilitated by the development of an interdisciplinary science called Earth system science. Sensitivity of the Colorado Plateau to change: climate, ecosystems, and society, Model predictions of an imminent transition to a more arid climate in southwestern North America, Global Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet, Changes in snowmelt runoff timing in western North America under a 'business as usual' climate change scenario, Fire-southern oscillation relations in the southwestern United States, Mesoscale disturbance and ecological response to decadal climatic variability in the American Southwest, Climate and wildfire in the western United States, Warming and earlier spring increase western U.S. forest wildfire activity. Chan School of Public Health. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. 3 The incidence of water-borne illnesses such as cholera and diarrhea is also affected by episodes of drought and heavy rainfall associated with climate change. Overview NASA's portal for an in-depth look at the science behind sea level change. Around the world, most publics believe global climate change is a pressing concern. The Medieval Warm Period on the southern Colorado Plateau, Climate change hotspots in the United States, IPCC-AR4 climate simulations for the southwestern US: the importance of future ENSO projections, A 5000-year record of extreme floods and climate change in the southwestern United States, Climatic controls and hydrologic impacts of a recent extreme seasonal precipitation reversal in Arizona, Sensitivity of aquatic ecosystems to climatic and anthropogenic changes: the Basin and Range, American Southwest and Mexico, Climate change research in national parks; paleoecology, policy and modeling the future, Northern Annular Mode on spring climate in the western United States, Climate change and river ecosystems: protection and adaptation options, Analyses of plant-climate relationships for the western United States, Drought-induced shift of a forest-woodland ecotone: rapid landscape response to climate variation, Human-induced changes in the hydrology of the western United States, Regional vegetation die-off in response to global-change-type drought, Reorganization of an arid ecosystem in response to recent climate change, Changes in the onset of spring in the western United States, The effects of climate change on the hydrology and water resources of the Colorado River basin, Long-term aridity changes in the western United States, Present and future surface climate in the western USA as simulated by 15 global climate models, Fine-scale processes regulate the response of extreme events to global climate change, A 2129-year reconstruction of precipitation for northwestern New Mexico, USA, Precipitation history of the Colorado Plateau region, 1900-2000, North American droughts of the last millennium, Global change impacts in the United States, Rapid shifts in plant distribution with recent climate change, Trends in snowfall versus rainfall in the western United States, Global warming in the Southwest: projections, observations and impacts, Climate and wildfire area burned in western U.S. ecoprovinces, 1916-2003, Medieval drought in the upper Colorado River Basin, Climate change and forests of the future: managing in the face of uncertainty, Declining mountain snowpack in western North America, Cool season precipitation in the southwestern USA since AD 1000: comparison of linear and nonlinear techniques for reconstruction, Attribution of declining western U.S. snowpack to human effects, Record of the North American southwest monsoon from Gulf of Mexico sediment cores, Assessing the effects of climate change on aquatic invasive species, Seasonal cycle shifts in hydroclimatology over the western United States. Climate "If you don't like the weather in New England, just wait a few minutes." - Mark Twain Climate change is making coral reefs more susceptible to diseases threatening the reefs and the species they support. The Arctic is being affected by climate change more than most places on Earth. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). "All things share the same breath - the beast, the tree, the man. Unfortunately, things don't go too well for the primates Black Francis sings about." Seveneves, by Neal Stephenson @scifri Seveneves. Susan Callery, If you dont like the weather in New England, just wait a few minutes., Video: Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2022 with Area Graph. What Is Climate Change? Global warming refers only to the Earth's rising surface temperature, while climate change includes warming and the "side effects" of warminglike melting glaciers, heavier rainstorms, or more frequent drought. Global warming refers to surface temperature increases, while climate change includes global warming and everything else that . Harvard scientists are working to understand the impacts of climate change, allowing us to anticipate damages and make decisions that will help us more effectively prepare for the challenges that lie ahead. Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change. To drive progress and set the UK on a . Some very rare records date back over 1,000 years. 2022 Arctic Summer Sea Ice Tied for 10th-Lowest on Record. Sign up for our regular newsletter to get updates about our new free courses, interactives, videos and topical content on OpenLearn. "We are the first generation to feel the sting of climate change, and we are the last generation that can do something about it.". Climate change refers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. This extends a long-term downward trend due to global warming. 2007. . Concern about Climate Change and Its Consequences. This fun video series explains various Earth science topics, including some climate change topics. Contributors Shakti Ramkumar Director of Communications & Policy Student Energy Reviewers On the map Everything is connected. The air shares its spirit with all the life it supports.". Some factors, such as the distribution of heat within the oceans, atmospheric chemistry, and surface vegetation, change at very short timescales. The current warming trend is unequivocally the result of human activity since the 1950s and is proceeding at an unprecedented rate over millennia. Droughts can be caused by several factors, some natural, some related to human-caused climate change, others driven by a range of human activities. Global Footprint Network - Climate Change: Carbon Footprint, CALS Encyclopedia of Arkansas - Climate Change, The Royal Society - The Basics of Climate Change, climate change - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), climate change - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). For a detailed description of the development of Earths atmosphere, see the article atmosphere, evolution of. Environmental Protection Agency - What is Climate Change? glacier noun mass of ice that moves slowly over land. Projected warming could greatly increase the rate of species extinctions, especially in sensitive regions. Snow, Satellites, and Remote-Sensing Planes. Finally, a detailed description is given of climate change over many different timescales, ranging from a typical human life span to all of geologic time. If you've been feeling seasonal allergies for the first time, or more intensely in recent years, it's not just you. Climatic changes of the past 200-300 years, especially since the early 1900s, are documented by instrumental records and other archives. NASAs Earth Observatory. This could be a change in Earth's usual temperature. NASA Earth data provide early alerts to help scientists and reef managers prepare for outbreaks. Climate change is making hurricanes and storms wetter and more volatile. The occurrence of multiple epochs in recent Earth history during which continental glaciers, developed at high latitudes, penetrated into northern Europe and eastern North America was recognized by scientists by the late 19th century. score: 296 , and 3 people voted. Corrections? A rigorous testing program is the best way to ensure that every part of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography mission, down to the ball bearings, will work smoothly in orbit. - Jay Inslee. Human-induced climate change is already affecting many weather and climate extremes in every region across the globe. Shutterstock credits: wandee007 (left), Amy Johansson (middle), Avatar_023 (right). Harvard scientists are working to understand the impacts of climate change, allowing us to anticipate damages and make decisions that will help us more effectively prepare for the challenges that lie ahead. These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. References Takeaways We already see effects scientists predicted, such as the loss of sea ice, melting glaciers and ice sheets, sea level rise, and more intense heat waves. The unprecedented acceleration of climate change over the last 50 years and the increasing confidence in global climate models add to the compelling evidence that . Evidence of observed changes in extremes such as heatwaves, heavy precipitation, droughts, and tropical cyclones, and, in particular, their attribution to human influence, has strengthened since [our last report]. This article addresses the concept of climatic variation and change within the set of integrated natural features and processes known as the Earth system. Ultimately, a lead report author for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change writes, it comes down to making judgments about what is fair, equitable, and just. Human activities are driving the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century. Built to help scientists understand how dust affects climate, the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation can also pinpoint emissions of the potent greenhouse gas. Reference this. Gries, Redlin, & Ugarte (2019) state that "even before the industrialization and the rising importance of fossil fuels, the Earth's surface was modified by human activity through deforestation . Undoubtedly, people have always been aware of climatic variation at the relatively short timescales of seasons, years, and decades. Genesis 8:22 - While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease. 4. Just create an account and sign in. Brimblecombe, P., C.M. Kemp et al.'s "Climate Endgame" reaffirms the imperative of taking the potentially existential threat of human-induced climate change seriously rather than simply dismissing it as "gloom and doom."They put forward a research agenda for integrated climate catastrophe assessment, emphasizing the need for in-depth understanding of extreme climate change dynamics and mass human morbidity . The foods we eat and take for granted are threatened. fossil fuel noun coal, oil, or natural gas. Bodansky, D 2010, The International Climate Change Regime: The Road from Copenhagen, Policy Brief, Harvard Project on Climate Agreements, Belfer Centre for . Climate change poses a significant risk to cardiovascular health. Updates? Dept. 1,4. Over the 20th century, the average annual US temperature has risen by almost 1F (0.6C) and precipitation has increased nationally by 5 to 10%, mostly due . NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Download the official NPS app before your next visit. Start this free course now.
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